In a significant escalation of conflict in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Rwanda‑backed M23 rebel group has declared control of the strategic city of Uvira, intensifying concerns about the viability of recent peace agreements and regional stability. Uvira, located near the Burundi border in South Kivu province, had been a key administrative centre and logistical hub in the area.
The rebels’ advance comes amid a broader offensive that has seen M23 forces capture several towns and assert dominance in parts of South Kivu, displacing tens of thousands of civilians. This surge follows the capture earlier this year of Bukavu and other towns, underscoring M23’s growing territorial influence despite diplomatic efforts to curb the violence.
The timing is especially consequential: the offensive unfolds shortly after a U.S.‑mediated peace deal signed by the Congolese and Rwandan presidents aimed at ending long‑running hostilities. That agreement obliges Rwanda to halt support for armed groups and work toward reducing violence, but the rebels were not signatories and continue to operate independently of the pact.
The capture of Uvira not only represents a tactical gain for the M23 but also signals a heightened risk that peace deals will unravel without effective implementation and inclusive engagement with all armed actors. Regional and international actors have expressed alarm, noting the urgent need for stronger mechanisms to enforce ceasefires and address the root causes of conflict in eastern Congo.
